logo
    • News
    • Classifieds
    • Free Subscription
    • Book Store
    • Submit
      • Submit a Classified Ad
      • Submit an Educational Announcement
      • Submit a letter to The Editor
    • Past Issues
    • Regional Trade Shows
    • Testimonials
    • Contact
    • News
    • Classifieds
    • Free Subscription
    • Book Store
    • Submit
      • Submit a Classified Ad
      • Submit an Educational Announcement
      • Submit a letter to The Editor
    • Past Issues
    • Regional Trade Shows
    • Testimonials
    • Contact
Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, stomach ….
News
December 31, 2021
Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, stomach ….

Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, stomach pain, nausea, fever, and diarrhea. Treatment is bed rest and fluids. It may be fatal to those with compromised immune systems.

Norovirus is transmitted through oral contact with feces. Transmission through aerosolized water may also be a source. It can survive 10 ppm chlorine. The CDC reported that in 1997, three percent of cases were due to waterborne exposure. Symptoms include stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, and fever. It generally clears up within 24 to 60 hours.

Shigellosis is a bacterial infection spread through contact with feces. It causes bloody diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps. Treatment involves antibiotics.

In general, maintaining chlorine or bromine at industry-accepted levels will protect bathers from most of these pathogens. However, as stated in accompanying articles, cyanuric acid, the stabilizer found in dichlor and trichlor, will slow the disinfection process.

According to the Model Aquatic Health Code, there are a large number of references on the effect of CYA on microbial kill times (CT Inactivation Values). In general, they show that the presence of CYA increases CT inactivation values, and the amount of this increase depends on the pH and the ratio of CYA to available chlorine. However, there are few reports that relate specifically to the issue of what levels of available chlorine and CYA are required to maintain a swimming pool in a biologically satisfactory state.

Studies examining the effect of CYA on the disinfection capacity of chlorine show that using CYA or stabilized chlorine slows down the inactivation times on bacteria, algae, protozoa (Naegleria gruberi and Cryptosporidium parvum), and viruses (see accompanying table.)

Because cyanuric acid is known to slow chlorine’s kill speed against these pathogens, it is a good idea to keep levels within industry accepted guidelines – 30 to 50 ppm.

Kill rate of various pathogens with or without CYA

LATEST NEWS
Pool Hot Tub Alliance takes to the Hill
News
Pool Hot Tub Alliance takes to the Hill
PHTA members, staff met with congressional leaders to discuss swimming pool related issues
May 31, 2025
By Marcelle Dibrell The Pool & Hot Tub Alliance (PHTA) hosted its third annual PHTA Day on the Hill this April as association members went to Washingt...
this is a test
News
Pool techs answer service pricing survey
May 31, 2025
With the summer solstice a couple weeks away and Memorial Day just past, it’s hard to argue that summertime hasn’t arrived, and that means that it’s t...
this is a test
LA pools overwhelmed by mosquitos
News
LA pools overwhelmed by mosquitos
May 31, 2025
Beleaguered residents of the recent catastrophic Los Angeles fires are facing a new public health crisis: Mosquitoes. It was a predictable outcome tha...
this is a test
Hotel pool heater sends 2 to hospital
News
Hotel pool heater sends 2 to hospital
May 31, 2025
A carbon monoxide incident in a Kansas hotel caused by a swimming pool heater sent two guests to the hospital. The DoubleTree by Hilton in Riley Count...
this is a test
BioLab Conyers, Georgia plant closes
News
BioLab Conyers, Georgia plant closes
May 31, 2025
The chlorine manufacturing plant that was responsible for last year’s massive chemical fire in Georgia will not be reopening. BioLab, owner of the Con...
this is a test
MONEY ON THE TABLE
News
DON’T LEAVE
MONEY ON THE TABLE
SIGN UP TODAY & GET THE RIGHT TOOLS
May 31, 2025
DON’T LEAVE SIGN UP TODAY & GET THE RIGHT TOOLS The Fluidra ServicePro rewards program is designed specifically for pool service companies and gives y...
this is a test
Read Our Newsletter
ePaper
coogle_play
app_store
Free Subscription
View Current Print Ads
Educational Announcements
Aquatic Training Institute

Educational Leverage

Foundation For Pool Industry Education

Locey Pool

Pool Chemistry Training Institute

Pool & Hot Tub Alliance

Portofino University

Underwater Pool Masters
Trade Show Dates
  • The International Pool Spa Patio Expo
    Nov. 12-14, Dallas, Texas
  • The Pool and Spa Show
    Jan. 28-30, Atlantic City, New Jersey
  • 35th Annual National Plasterers Conference
    Feb. 26-28, Lake Buena Vista, Florida
  • The Southwest Pool and Spa Show
    Feb. 4-8, Houston, Texas
  • The Western Pool and Spa Show
    Feb. 6-8, Long Beach, California
Books to Order
About Us Terms of Use Privacy Policy
We use cookies to ensure that our website gives you the best experience possible. By continuing to use this website, you agree to this use of cookies.OK