To understand how all these specialty chemicals fit together, it helps to distinguish between thermodynamics and kinetics — concepts that underlie all...

Welcome to the latest edition of our popular “Can You Top This?” column, featuring the newest entry in the Service Industry News “Horror File.” This i...

Algae control has been a cornerstone of pool and spa water care since the first commercial swimming pools appeared in the mid-20th century. Indeed, pr...

Borates have become a popular additive in residential and commercial pool and spa water treatment. The term “borate” typically refers to various boron...

The Langelier Saturation Index, (LSI), remains one of the most enduring tools in swimming pool and spa water chemistry. Originally developed in the 19...

Phosphate control is a chemical strategy oriented not at killing algae directly but at removing or immobilizing the nutrient (orthophosphate and polyp...

The following organizations offer educational and certification opportunities for the pool & spa service professional across the United States. Some c...

Certified Pool & Spa Operator The Certified Pool & Spa Operator certification program is the world’s leading education and certification program for k...

Pool Chemistry Certified Residential Course PCTI currently offers one type class which is the Pool Chemistry Certified Residential PCCR class. This is...

Certified Pool Operator Course You will gain knowledge on pool water chemistry, water filtration, recreational water illnesses, spa maintenance, chemi...